The EC8D reproduction
The state values reproduce the collation result for the four named parties. Grade B reflects a corroborated table without a direct scanned EC8D form in the current register.
Final state result · North West · Two-layer record
Kaduna 2023 presidential election result
The reproduced Kaduna EC8D collation records PDP first with 554,360 votes and APC second with 399,293. The declared margin was 155,067 votes. Mundx presents that state declaration beside, but never merged with, a four-party polling-unit research layer.
Result of record: the reproduced state collation. Research evidence: selected PU observations for APC, LP, PDP and NNPP under a documented policy.
Kaduna reconciliation
Declared totals beside selected PU observations
The declared four-party collation totals 1,341,116. The canonical PU layer totals 1,155,439, which is 86.2% of the declared figure and 185,677 below it.
| Party / scope | Declared collation | PU rollup | Declared minus PU | PU as % declared |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| APC | 399,293 | 345,660 | +53,633 | 86.6% |
| LP | 294,494 | 252,419 | +42,075 | 85.7% |
| PDP | 554,360 | 464,527 | +89,833 | 83.8% |
| NNPP | 92,969 | 92,833 | +136 | 99.9% |
| Four-party total | 1,341,116 | 1,155,439 | +185,677 | 86.2% |
The difference is descriptive, not causal. “Declared minus canonical PU” equals +185,677 for the four tracked parties. It must not be relabelled as missing votes, invalid votes or fraud: the two layers were created at different stages, and the available record does not establish a single cause.
Local evidence
Polling-unit rollups across 23 Kaduna LGAs
These rows are calculated from selected polling-unit records, not declared LGA collation totals. APC leads 2, LP leads 8 and PDP leads 13 of the 23 local rollups. Each LGA name opens its permanent place page with ward and polling-unit context.
| LGA | PU leader | APC | LP | PDP | NNPP | Four-party | PUs represented |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birnin Gwari | APC | 17,347 | 244 | 7,612 | 3,516 | 28,719 | 263 / 263 |
| Chikun | LP | 9,988 | 57,589 | 26,560 | 3,707 | 97,844 | 543 / 543 |
| Giwa | PDP | 19,787 | 843 | 22,779 | 3,121 | 46,530 | 262 / 262 |
| Igabi | PDP | 24,618 | 4,022 | 30,173 | 5,340 | 64,153 | 600 / 600 |
| Ikara | PDP | 16,334 | 996 | 23,145 | 4,061 | 44,536 | 251 / 251 |
| Jaba | LP | 3,741 | 9,168 | 8,794 | 1,468 | 23,171 | 132 / 132 |
| Jema'A | LP | 4,987 | 12,181 | 6,749 | 1,478 | 25,395 | 325 / 325 |
| Kachia | LP | 12,245 | 15,552 | 15,485 | 1,529 | 44,811 | 317 / 317 |
| Kaduna North | PDP | 28,134 | 8,916 | 28,725 | 8,559 | 74,334 | 704 / 704 |
| Kaduna South | PDP | 29,338 | 23,363 | 41,505 | 9,446 | 103,652 | 796 / 796 |
| Kagarko | PDP | 9,779 | 12,477 | 14,473 | 1,362 | 38,091 | 222 / 222 |
| Kajuru | LP | 3,965 | 14,766 | 9,154 | 1,206 | 29,091 | 188 / 188 |
| Kaura | LP | 1,822 | 24,578 | 7,700 | 299 | 34,399 | 186 / 186 |
| Kauru | PDP | 15,322 | 10,979 | 17,990 | 3,038 | 47,329 | 243 / 243 |
| Kubau | PDP | 18,618 | 1,566 | 22,087 | 4,862 | 47,133 | 310 / 310 |
| Kudan | PDP | 12,862 | 996 | 17,123 | 7,213 | 38,194 | 193 / 193 |
| Lere | PDP | 18,795 | 12,731 | 27,515 | 6,110 | 65,151 | 457 / 457 |
| Makarfi | PDP | 13,712 | 720 | 21,917 | 5,206 | 41,555 | 208 / 208 |
| Sabon Gari | APC | 20,959 | 8,627 | 17,994 | 6,685 | 54,265 | 398 / 398 |
| Sanga | LP | 5,807 | 6,348 | 5,802 | 1,622 | 19,579 | 195 / 195 |
| Soba | PDP | 16,857 | 529 | 19,724 | 5,158 | 42,268 | 298 / 298 |
| Zangon Kataf | LP | 5,655 | 20,530 | 19,598 | 228 | 46,011 | 337 / 337 |
| Zaria | PDP | 34,988 | 4,698 | 51,923 | 7,619 | 99,228 | 584 / 584 |
Largest local rollups
Five LGAs in Kaduna context
The notes restate the largest local aggregations in prose so their leader, margin and evidence coverage remain legible outside the table. A PU-layer lead is not an official LGA declaration.
- Kaduna South: PDP leads the selected four-party rollup with 41,505 votes, 12,167 ahead of APC. The local total is 103,652 across 796 represented units. The selected source layer represents every polling unit in the inventory.
- Zaria: PDP leads the selected four-party rollup with 51,923 votes, 16,935 ahead of APC. The local total is 99,228 across 584 represented units. The selected source layer represents every polling unit in the inventory.
- Chikun: LP leads the selected four-party rollup with 57,589 votes, 31,029 ahead of PDP. The local total is 97,844 across 543 represented units. The selected source layer represents every polling unit in the inventory.
- Kaduna North: PDP leads the selected four-party rollup with 28,725 votes, 591 ahead of APC. The local total is 74,334 across 704 represented units. The selected source layer represents every polling unit in the inventory.
- Lere: PDP leads the selected four-party rollup with 27,515 votes, 8,720 ahead of APC. The local total is 65,151 across 457 represented units. The selected source layer represents every polling unit in the inventory.
Reading the Kaduna record
One contest, two evidence layers
The canonical PU layer
All 8,012 polling units in the inventory have a selected four-party observation. Representation does not authenticate each observation, restore the other fourteen parties or reproduce later collation decisions.
The LGA evidence directory
Kaduna South has the largest local rollup at 103,652. In Kachia, LP leads PDP by 67 in the closest proportional margin.
Coverage needs a denominator. The least complete local record is Birnin Gwari at 100.0% of its inventory. Cite represented and inventory counts when an LGA has unresolved records. Full representation still does not make the rollup an official declaration.
Questions this page answers
Kaduna result notes
Who led Kaduna in the declared result?
PDP led with 554,360 votes. APC followed on 399,293, a margin of 155,067. The four tracked parties total 1,341,116; that subtotal is not the complete eighteen-party vote.
What does the local pattern show?
APC leads 2, LP leads 8 and PDP leads 13 of the 23 LGA rollups. State-wide, PDP leads the PU layer with 464,527 of 1,155,439 four-party votes, 118,867 ahead of APC. This does not revise the declared leader.
Why can the declared and PU totals differ?
EC8D is a state collation product. Mundx selects complete four-party PU observations, prioritising CCIJ records and then Mark Essien fallbacks. Scope, availability, transcription and later collation steps can differ. The comparison identifies questions; it does not prove a cause.
How should this page be cited?
Use this permanent URL for the Kaduna declaration and comparison. Name the layer, year and review date. Cite an LGA place record for a local PU claim, and do not call its PU leader a declared winner without a traceable local collation source.
Provenance
What is official, and what Mundx calculated
The declared layer comes from INEC's result collection and a contemporaneous reproduction of the collation table. It is a collation product, not a sum recreated by Mundx.
Mundx's second layer is a four-party aggregation of selected polling-unit observations. It applies policy all-complete-ccij-first-v1: complete CCIJ records take precedence, then complete Mark Essien records fill remaining units.
- INEC 2023 presidential IReV record.
- State/FCT collation reproduction.
- 176,409 represented units from an inventory of 176,846; 437 remain unresolved nationally.
Canonical PU policy all-complete-ccij-first-v1 · CCIJ commit e38e3bc9a22a
Reuse boundary. Mundx Analytics confirms permission to publish and redistribute the source-derived records in this release. No standard open-data licence or third-party bulk-reuse terms are specified.
Published by Mundx Analytics · reviewed by Mundx Analytics Data Team on 22 September 2026 · official sources retrieved 2026-08-20.